A train ticket is a ticket issued by a railway operator that allows ticket holders to travel on the operator’s network or on a partner’s network. Tickets can entitle the bearer to a specified route at a specific time (common for long-distance rail), a set route at any time (common for commuter rail), a specified route at many times or an arbitrary route at specific times. . The last two types are often referred to as pass:
the former is usually sold as a passenger discount; the latter is usually sold to tourists, 

In some countries, such as Italy and some local railways in other countries, conductors are not used. Instead, passengers must validate tickets in a special stamping machine before boarding. A special machine-authenticated coupon system exists on the Mumbai Suburban Railway where a combination of face value coupons is used to obtain the respective ticket value. There may or may not be a driver afterwards to verify that the correct ticket is actually being held. However, other systems are also possible, such as in Japan, in the London subway system and local transport in Stockholm, platforms are blocked by turnstiles, requiring Tickets must be purchased before entering the platform. Some train tickets have the option of adding a bus trip at each end of the train journey, as part of a larger transport network. For example, the Plusbus program in the UK offers bus travel with an integrated ticket for an extra fee. Most long-distance train tickets include a “city ticket” valid on public transport systems of origin and destination. 

Seat checks

In other countries, drivers can also give passengers a seat check – another voucher that shows how far the passenger can travel on the system – or tie it to a seat also punched by the driver indicates the passenger’s destination, with the conductor arranging seats on the train by destination upon boarding. Some systems (eg Amtrak) have two-part tickets that allow passengers to keep the canceled ticket stub. Seat controls are changed regularly to ensure that passengers cannot save and reuse them from one trip to another. (Drivers often collect checks before stopping to avoid this.)